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As patients who are congenitally deficient in factor X are extremely rare natural substrate plasma for the specific one-stage factor X assay is only poorly available. Asbestos-filtered or charcoal-filtered ox plasma deficient both in factor X and VII is instead widely used as artificial factor X substrate plasma with Russel’s viper venom (BW) and cephalin or lecithin as the thromboplastic agent.  We studied the practicability of removing separately factor X from the plasma of different species (man, horse, ox, sheep, swine) by several chromatographic procedures. Chromatography of swine plasma on DEAE-Sephadex A 25 yielded a substrate virtually free of factor X while containing adequate concentrations of fibrinogen and factor II, V and VII, Using different brands of commercial tissue thromboplastins the so prepared swine plasma has proved to be a specific artificial substrate plasma for the one-stage factor X assay. Calibration curves obtained by plotting the clotting times of various dilutions of pooled normal human plasma determined with this factor X assay system against the percentages showed a linear relationship from 100% to about 2% on log/log paper. Factor X determinations with our method on various patients’ plasmas (i.e. coumarin treatment, congenital factor X deficiency, liver disease) performed in parallel to the RVV-cephalin and the congenital factor X deficient plasma methods gave comparable results.  As our specific artificial factor X deficient swine plasma is fairly simple prepared with a good yield, it has to be considered as an appropriate reagent to overcome the shortness of the rare congenital factor X deficient substrate plasma.

Artificial Substrate Plasma for the Specific One-Stage Factor X Assay