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Mosquitoes transmit several agents of diseases and the presence of different species represents a threat to animal and public health.  Aedes  and  Culex  mosquitoes are of particular concern giving their potential vector competence for Arbovirus transmission. In Morocco, the lack of detailed information related to their spatial distribution raises major concerns and hampers effective vector surveillance and control. Using maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling, we generated prediction models for the potential distribution of Arboviruses vectors ( Aedes aegypti, Ae. vexans ,  Ae. caspius, Ae. detritus,  and  Culex pipiens ) in Morocco, under current climatic conditions. Also, we investigated the habitat suitability for the potential occurrence and establishment of  Ae. albopictus  and  Ae. vittatus  recorded only once in the country. Prediction models for these last two species were generated considering occurrence datasets from close countries of the Mediterranean Basin, where  Ae .  albopictus  is well established, and from a worldwide database for the case of  Ae. vittatus  (model transferability). With the exception of  Ae. vittatus , the results identify potential habitat suitability in Morocco for all mosquitos considered. Existing areas with maximum risk of establishment and high potential distribution were mainly located in the northwestern and central parts of Morocco. Our results essentially underline the assumption that  Ae. albopictus , if not quickly controlled, might find suitable habitats and has the potential to become established, especially in the northwest of the country. These findings may help to better understand the potential distribution of each species and enhance surveillance efforts in areas identified as high risk.

Modeling and mapping the habitat suitability and the potential distribution of Arboviruses vectors in Morocco