English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

This study was conducted in four districts (Malakand, Swat, Bajaur and Shangla) of Northern Pakistan to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors and phylogenetic analyses of  Theileria  and  Anaplasma  species in small ruminants. A total of 800 blood samples, 200 from each district, were collected from apparently healthy animals. PCR assays were performed using generic primers for  Anaplasma  spp. and  Theileria  spp. as well as species specific primers for  A. ovis  and  T. ovis . Overall infection prevalence was 361/800 (45.1%).  Theileria  spp. infection prevalence (187/800, 23.3%) was higher than  Anaplasma  spp. (174/800, 21.7%). Amplified partial 18S rRNA genes were sequenced and enrolled animals were found to be infected by  T. ovis  (115/800, 14.3%), and at least two more  Theileria  species (72/800, 9%) were present ( T. lestoquardi  and  T. annulata ). All blood samples that were found to be positive for  Anaplasma  spp. were also positive for  A. ovis . Infection prevalence was higher in sheep (227/361, 28.3%) compared to goats (134/361, 16.6%) ( p  < 0.005). Univariable analysis of risk factors showed that host, age, grazing system and acaricide treatment were significant determinants ( p  < 0.05) for both  Theileria  and  Anaplasma  infections. Multivariable analysis revealed that host, sex, age, tick infestation and grazing system were significant risk factors ( p  < 0.005) for both pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed variants among the  A. ovis  and  T. annulata  samples analysed, indicating that different genotypes are circulating in the field while  T. ovis  presented the same genotype for the samples analysed.

parasite

Molecular prevalence, characterization and associated risk factors of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. and <i>Theileria</i> spp. in small ruminants in Northern Pakistan

Molecular prevalence, characterization and associated risk factors of Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. in small ruminants in Northern Pakistan