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Leishmaniases are parasitic diseases caused by protozoa of the genus  Leishmania . The parasites, which infect various wild and domestic mammals, including humans, are transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies belonging to the  Phlebotomus  genus in the Old World and to several genera (including  Lutzomyia ,  Psychodopygus  and  Nyssomyia ) in the New World. In this paper, we consider the genus  Sergentomyia  as divided into seven subgenera, mainly based on spermathecal morphology:  Sergentomyia ,  Sintonius ,  Parrotomyia ,  Rondanomyia ,  Capensomyia ,  Vattieromyia  and  Trouilletomyia . We also include the groups  Grassomyia  and  Demeillonius  but exclude the genera  Spelaeomyia  and  Parvidens . The possible role of  Sergentomyia  in the circulation of mammalian leishmaniases in the Old World has been considered as  Leishmania  DNA and/or parasites have been identified in several species. However, several criteria must be fulfilled to incriminate an arthropod as a biological vector of leishmaniasis, namely: it must be attracted to and willing to feed on humans and any reservoir host, and be present in the same environment; several unambiguously identified wild female flies not containing blood meals have to be found infected (through isolation and/or typing of parasites) with the same strain of  Leishmania  as occurs in humans or any reservoir host; the presence of infective forms of  Leishmania  on naturally infected females and/or on colonized sand flies infected experimentally should be observed; and finally, the vector has to be able to transmit parasites as a result of blood-feeding on a susceptible mammal.

CanSergentomyia(Diptera, Psychodidae) play a role in the transmission of mammal-infectingLeishmania?