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A multi-scale characterisation of the crack tip plasticity has been investigated in a fatigue crack propagation under gaseous hydrogen at gas pressure of 35 MPa in a commercially pure iron, Armco iron. The dislocation structure beneath a fracture surface was observed by a Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM), and the cyclic and monotonic plastic zones were evaluated by an Out-of-Plane Displacement (OPD) measurement. By the TEM observation in a non-accelerated regime ( ΔK = 11 MPa×m 1/2 ), a dislocation cell structure was observed even in the brittle intergranular fracture in hydrogen. This result indicates a certain amount of plastic strain is introduced into the grains in front of an intergranular crack in hydrogen, and this may explain the mechanism of hydrogen-induced intergranular fatigue crack propagation. On the other hand, in an accelerated regime ( ΔK = 18 and 20 MPa×m 1/2 ), a distribution of scattered dislocation tangles without any cell or vein structure was observed in hydrogen. Besides, the inhibition of the cyclic plasticity near the crack path in hydrogen was confirmed by the OPD measurement. These results are clear evidences of hydrogen-induced localization of cyclic plasticity in the vicinity of a crack tip, which suggests a mechanism model of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth based on the plasticity localization.

Influence of gaseous hydrogen on plastic strain in vicinity of fatigue crack tip in Armco pure iron