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Photonic crystals can integrate plasmonic materials such as indium tin oxide(ITO) in their structure. Exploiting ITO plasmonic properties it is possible totune the photonic band gap of the photonic crystal upon the application of anexternal stimuli. In this work, we have fabricated a one-dimensional multilayerphotonic crystal via radiofrequency sputtering and we have triggered itsoptical response with ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy. Upon photoexcitationwe observe a change in the refractive index of indium tin oxide. Such effecthas been used to create a photonic crystal that change its photonic bandgap inan ultrafast time scale. All optical modulation in the visible region, that canbe tuned by designing the photonic crystal, has been demonstrated.

Ultrafast structural color change in indium tin oxide/titanium dioxide 1D photonic crystal