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Research on the group action of stone columns points out that the behaviour of an isolated single column is quite different from the one of a stone column in a group of columns under a rigid footing. To highlight the differences, model tests of a rigid footing on a single sand column in clay and model tests of a rigid footing with various numbers of sand columns in clay are compared. A re-calculation of model tests has been performed by means of the finite element method taking into account the mean grain diameter. Beginning with a single isolated column, the deformation mechanism of the column has been reproduced, detecting a wedge shaped shear zone below the footing. Furthermore, the same footing has been analysed to study the group effect in a section of 5 columns. Again the same deformation mechanism as in the model test has been observed displaying a wedge shaped area below the footing. The influence of the length of the columns and an additional row of columns outside the footing has been investigated and recommendations are given.

Vibro stone columns – model tests vs. fem calculations