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Residual stresses resulting from non homogeneous heat distribution during welding  process belong to most significant factor influencing behavior of welded  structures. These stresses are responsible for defect occurrence during welding  and they are also responsible for crack initiation and propagation at the either  static or dynamic load. The significant effect of weld metal chemical  composition as well as the effect of fatigue load and local plastic deformation  on residual stress distribution and fatigue life have been recognized for high  strength steels welds. The changes in residual stress distribution have then  positive effect on cold cracking behavior and also on fatigue properties of the  welds [1-3]. Several experimental methods, both destructive and non-destructive,  such as hole drilling method, X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction and others,  have been used to examine residual stress distribution in all three significant  orientations in the vicinity of the welds. The present contribution summarizes  the results of neutron diffraction measurements of residual stress distribution  in the vicinity of single-pass high-strength-steel welds having different  chemical composition as well as the influence of fatigue load and local plastic  deformation. It has been observed that the chemical composition of the weld  metal has a significant influence on the stress distribution around the weld.  Similarly, by aplying both cyclic load or pre-stress load on the specimens,  stress relaxation was observed even in the region of approximately 40 mm far  from the weld toe

Neutron diffraction analysis of residual strain/stress distribution in the vicinity of high strength welds