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The paper presents the most important flow characteristics of low-pressure drop primary air nozzles used in circulating fluidized bed boilers. The role of an air nozzle pressure drop, pressure fluctuation, as well as air jet penetration length, orifice outlet jet kinetic energy and aerodynamic drag force of the gas outlet jet have been discussed. For the purpose of cold model studies the Lagisza 966MW th  supercritical CFB boiler operating at the company TAURON Wytwarzanie SA, Poland has been chosen as the reference facility. In the experimental tests, three types of primary air nozzles with comparable static pressure drop and varied aerodynamic drag force have been tested. The experiments clearly showed that the pressure drop cannot be the only parameter characterizing the operation of the primary air nozzle and the air jet penetration length is determined primarily by the orifice outlet jet kinetic energy and not by the outlet jet velocity.

Experimental investigation of the flow characteristics of low-pressure drop air nozzles working with CFB boilers