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Aluminium and silicon are two of the three most abundant elements in the earth crust. Howeve r, d u ri n g human evolution it appears that both elements have been excluded from biochemical processes. Efforts directed to establish clear essential functions of Al or Si in humans have not been successful so far. In fact, their essenciality in healthy human people has not been proved yet, while most effective ways have been demonstrated in healthy individuals to excrete these elements after their entering the body [1]. Conversely, the toxicity of Al to renal failure patients is now worldwide recognised; aluminium accumulation in uremic patients results in dialy s i s re l ated diseases, i n cl u d i n g d i a lysis encep h a l o p at hy syndro m e, n o n Fe re l ated microcytic anemia and Al-induced bone diseases [1]. Even if many mechanism(s) of Al toxicity remain unknown, it seems that silicon can prevent aluminium toxicity “via” reduction of bioavailability of Al by formation of hydroxialuminosilicates under physiological conditions [2]. It should also be mentioned that aluminium and silicon have been controversially implicated as possible causative agents of Alzheimer’s disease because both metals have been found in the form of Speciation of aluminium and silicon in biological fluids by complementary techniques is discussed. Non-chromatographic separation (ultrafiltration) with off-line graphite furnace AAS detection is compared with anion-exchange chromatography with low and high resolution ICP-MS.

The chemical speciation of aluminium and silicon in human serum A. Sanz-Medel M 81 Lead-binding proteins - a way to understand lead toxicity?