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Tuna fisheries have been identified as one of the major threats to populations of other marine vertebrates,including sea turtles, sharks, seabirds and marine mammals. The development of technical mitigation measures (MM)in fisheries is part of the code of conduct for responsible fisheries. An in-depth analysis of the available literature regardingbycatch mitigation in tuna fisheries with special reference to elasmobranchs was undertaken. Studies highlightingpromising MMs were reviewed for four tuna fisheries (longline, purse seine, driftnets and gillnet, and rod and line – includingrecreational fisheries). The advantages and disadvantages of different MMs are discussed and assessed based oncurrent scientific knowledge. Current management measures for sharks and rays in tuna Regional Fishery ManagementOrganizations (t-RFMOs) are presented. A review of relevant studies examining at-vessel and postrelease mortality ofelasmobranch bycatch is provided. This review aims to help fisheries managers identify pragmatic solutions to reducemortality on pelagic elasmobranchs (and other higher vertebrates) whilst minimizing impacts on catches of target tunaspecies. Recent research efforts have identified several effective MMs that, if endorsed by t-RFMOs, could reduce elasmobranchsmortality rate in international tropical purse seine tuna fisheries. In the case of longline fisheries, the numberof operational effective MMs is very limited. Fisheries deploying driftnets in pelagic ecosystems are suspected to havea high elasmobranchs bycatch and their discard survival is uncertain, but no effective MMs have been field validatedfor these fisheries. The precautionary bans of such gear by the EU and by some t-RFMOs seem therefore appropriate.Recreational tuna fisheries should be accompanied by science-based support to reduce potential negative impacts onshark populations. Priorities for research and management are identified and discussed.Versión del edito

Technical mitigation measures for sharks and rays in fisheries for tuna and tuna-like species: turning possibility into reality