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Phase-out of methyl bromide and health concerns related to the use of pesticides are increasing the interest in alternative controlstrategies. Soil solarization is an effective, safe and cheap technique for the control of soil-borne pathogens and weeds. However, knowledge ofthe long-term effects of solarization, as well as of repeated solarization cycles, is scarce. Such knowledge should in particular help to minimizethe number of solarization treatments. Therefore, we tested the residual effect of a single solarization treatment and the effects of two or threesolarization cycles on root-knot nematodes, weeds and crop yield for three years on greenhouse-grown tomato and melon. Soil solarization wasapplied for either one, two or three consecutive years on a soil infested by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and many annual andperennial weed species. An untreated soil was used as a control. At the end of each crop cycle yield parameters were recorded, weeds wereidentified and counted, and nematode infestation was evaluated. Our results show that a single solarization treatment significantly increasedyields by +116%, and strongly reduced nematode infestation of −99% of infested plants and of −98% of the root gall index in the followingmelon crop. It also suppressed annual weed emergence three years later. Plant yields from two- and three-year solarized soil were alwayshigher than nonsolarized control: +284% and +263%, respectively, for tomato, and +162% and +368%, respectively, for melon. Further, twoandthree-year solarization treatments almost completely suppressed the infestation of the M. javanica nematode in tomato, and reduced thenematode effect in melon by −86% and −79%, respectively. Repeated solarization treatments also resulted in a high reduction of emergence ofmost weed species in all crop cycles. A single soil solarization treatment was shown to be effective for a long-term sustainable management ofweeds, whereas the time-limited effectiveness against root-knot nematodes can be enhanced through two- or three-year repeated treatment

Greenhouse soil solarization: effect on weeds, nematodes and yield of tomato and melon