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We have recently suggested that gas accretion can be studied using hostgalaxies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We obtained the first ever far-infrared(FIR) line observations of a GRB host, namely Herschel/PACS resolved [CII] 158um and [OI] 63 um spectroscopy, as well as APEX CO(2-1) and ALMA CO(1-0)observations of the GRB 980425 host. It has elevated [CII]/FIR and [OI]/FIRratios and higher values of star formation rate (SFR) derived from line ([CII],[OI], Ha) than from continuum (UV, IR, radio) indicators. [CII] emissionexhibits a normal morphology, peaking at the galaxy center, whereas [OI] isconcentrated close to the GRB position and the nearby Wolf-Rayet region. Thehigh [OI] flux indicates high radiation field and gas density. The [CII]/COluminosity ratio of the GRB 980425 host is close to the highest values foundfor local star-forming galaxies. Its CO-derived molecular gas mass is low givenits SFR and metallicity, but the [CII]-derived molecular gas mass is close tothe expected value. The [OI] and HI concentrations, and the high radiationfield and density are consistent with the hypothesis of a very recent (at mosta few tens of Myr ago) inflow of atomic gas triggering star formation. Dust hasnot had time to build up (explaining high line-to-continuum ratios). Such arecent enhancement of star-formation would indeed manifest itself in highSFR_line/SFR_continuum ratios, because the line indicators are sensitive onlyto recent (<10 Myr) activity, whereas the continuum indicators measure the SFRaveraged over much longer periods (~100 Myr). Other GRB hosts exhibit a meanSFR_line/SFR_continuum of 1.74+-0.32. This is consistent with a very recentenhancement of star formation being common among GRB hosts, so galaxies whichhave recently experienced inflow of gas may preferentially host stars explodingas GRBs. Hence GRB hosts may be used to investigate recent gas accretion.

GRB 980425 host: [CII], [OI] and CO lines reveal recent enhancement of star formation due to atomic gas inflow