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Context. Galaxy clusters are continuously growing through the accretion ofmatter in their outskirts. This process induces inhomogeneities in the gasdensity distribution (clumping) which need to be taken into account to recoverthe physical properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) at large radii. Aims.We studied the thermodynamic properties in the outskirts (R > R500) of themassive galaxy cluster Abell 2142 by combining the Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ)effect with the X-ray signal. Methods. We combined the SZ pressure profilemeasured by Planck with the XMM-Newton gas density profile to recover radialprofiles of temperature, entropy and hydrostatic mass out to 2R500. We used amethod that is insensitive to clumping to recover the gas density, and wecompared the results with traditional X-ray measurement techniques. Results.When taking clumping into account, our joint SZ/X-ray entropy profile isconsistent with the predictions from pure gravitational collapse, whereas asignificant entropy flattening is found when the effect of clumping isneglected. The hydrostatic mass profile recovered using joint X-ray/SZ dataagrees with that obtained from spectroscopic X-ray measurements and with massreconstructions obtained through weak lensing and galaxy kinematics.Conclusions. We found that clumping can explain the entropy flattening observedby Suzaku in the outskirts of several clusters. When using a method insensitiveto clumping for the reconstruction of the gas density, the thermodynamicproperties of Abell 2142 are compatible with the assumption that the thermalgas pressure sustains gravity and that the entropy is injected at accretionshocks, with no need to evoke more exotic physics. Our results highlight theneed for X-ray observations with sufficient spatial resolution, and largecollecting area, to understand the processes at work in cluster outer regions.

The XMM Cluster Outskirts Project (X-COP): Physical conditions to the virial radius of Abell 2142