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Aims: Although the time of the Maunder minimum (1645--1715) is widely knownas a period of extremely low solar activity, claims are still debated thatsolar activity during that period might still have been moderate, even higherthan the current solar cycle #24. We have revisited all the existing pieces ofevidence and datasets, both direct and indirect, to assess the level of solaractivity during the Maunder minimum.  Methods: We discuss the East Asian naked-eye sunspot observations, thetelescopic solar observations, the fraction of sunspot active days, thelatitudinal extent of sunspot positions, auroral sightings at high latitudes,cosmogenic radionuclide data as well as solar eclipse observations for thatperiod. We also consider peculiar features of the Sun (very strong hemisphericasymmetry of sunspot location, unusual differential rotation and the lack ofthe K-corona) that imply a special mode of solar activity during the Maunderminimum.  Results: The level of solar activity during the Maunder minimum is reassessedon the basis of all available data sets.  Conclusions: We conclude that solar activity was indeed at an exceptionallylow level during the Maunder minimum. Although the exact level is stillunclear, it was definitely below that during the Dalton minimum around 1800 andsignificantly below that of the current solar cycle #24. Claims of amoderate-to-high level of solar activity during the Maunder minimum arerejected at a high confidence level.

The Maunder minimum (1645--1715) was indeed a Grand minimum: A reassessment of multiple datasets