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Aims: We search for penumbral magnetic fields of opposite polarity and fortheir correspondence with downflows. Methods: We used spectropolarimetricHINODE data of a spot very close to disk center to suppress the horizontalvelocity components as much as possible. We focus our study on 3-lobe Stokes Vprofiles. Results: From forward modeling and inversions, we show that 3-lobeprofiles testify to the presence of opposite magnetic fields. They occurpredominately in the mid and outer penumbra and are associated with downflowsin the deep layers of the photosphere. Conclusions. Standard magnetograms showthat only 4% of the penumbral area harbors magnetic fields of oppositepolarity. If 3-lobe profiles are included in the analysis, this numberincreases to 17%.

The velocity field of sunspot penumbrae II. Return flow and magnetic fields of opposite polarity