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(Abridged) We report the discovery of CXO J1415.2+3610, a distant (z~1.5)galaxy cluster serendipitously detected in a deep, high-resolution Chandraobservation targeted to study the cluster WARP J1415.1+3612 at z=1.03. This isthe highest-z cluster discovered with Chandra so far. Moreover, the totalexposure time of 280 ks with ACIS-S provides the deepest X-ray observationcurrently achieved on a cluster at z>1.5. We perform an X-ray spectral fit ofthe extended emission of the intracluster medium (ICM) with XSPEC, and wedetect at a 99.5% confidence level the rest frame 6.7-6.9 keV Iron K_\alphaline complex, from which we obtain z_X=1.46\pm0.025. The analysis of thez-3.6\mu m color-magnitude diagram shows a well defined sequence of redgalaxies within 1' from the cluster X-ray emission peak with a color range [5 <z-3.6 \mu m < 6]. The photometric redshift obtained by spectral energydistribution (SED) fitting is z_phot=1.47\pm 0.25. After fixing the redshift toz=1.46, we perform the final spectral analysis and measure the average gastemperature with a 20% error, kT=5.8^{+1.2}_{-1.0} keV, and the Fe abundanceZ_Fe = 1.3_{-0.5}^{+0.8}Z_\odot. We fit the background subtracted surfacebrightness with a single beta--model out to 35" and derive the deprojectedelectron density profile. The ICM mass is 1.09_{-0.2}^{+0.3}\times 10^{13}M_\odot within 300 kpc. The total mass is M_{2500}= 8.6_{-1.7}^{+2.1} \times 10^{13} M_\odot for R_{2500}=(220\pm 55) kpc. Extrapolating the profile at largerradii we find M_{500}= 2.1_{-0.5}^{+0.7} \times 10 ^{14} M_\odot for R_{500} =510_{-50}^{+55}$ kpc. This analysis establishes CXOJ1415.2+3610 as one of thebest characterized distant galaxy clusters based on X-ray data alone.

Chandra and optical/IR observations of CXOJ1415.2+3610, a massive, newly discovered galaxy cluster at z~1.5