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In the framework of the study of supernova remnants and their complexinteraction with the interstellar medium, we report on an XMM-Newton EPICobservation of the Galactic supernova remnant W49B. We investigate the spatialdistribution of the chemical and physical properties of the plasma, so as toget important constraints on the physical scenario, on the dynamics of thesupernova explosion, and on the interaction of the supernova remnant with theambient interstellar clouds. We present line images, equivalent width maps, anda spatially resolved spectral analysis of a set of homogeneous regions. TheX-ray spectrum of W49B is characterized by strong K emission lines from Si, S,Ar, Ca and Fe. In all the regions studied, the X-ray spectrum is dominated bythe emission from the ejecta and there is no indication of radialstratification of the elements. A high overabundance of Ni(Ni/Ni_sun=10^{+2}_{-1}) is required in the bright central region and theprevious detection of Cr and Mn line emission is confirmed. Spectra are welldescribed by two thermal components in collisional ionization equilibrium. Weobserve spatial variations in the temperature, with the highest temperaturefound in the east and the lowest in the west. Our results support a scenario inwhich the X-ray emission comes from ejecta interacting with a dense belt ofambient material, but another possibility is that the remnant is the result ofan asymmetric bipolar explosion with the eastern jet being hotter and moreFe-rich than the western jet. The eastern jet is confined by interaction withambient molecular clouds. Comparison of the observed abundances with yields forhypernova and supernova nucleosynthesis does not directly support theassociation of W49B with a gamma-ray burst, although it remains possible.

The X-ray emission of the supernova remnant W49B observed withXMM-Newton