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E.p.r. signals were detected in an all-trans-retinoic acid/haematin incubation mixture by using an e.p.r. spin-trapping technique. The spin adducts are presumably attributable to some intermediates in haematin-catalysed retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidation, since addition of nitrosobenzene to the reaction mixture dose-dependently inhibited the epoxidation. Analysing the reaction mixture by h.p.l.c.-e.p.r. spectrometry resulted in the detection of three peaks (III-1, III-2, IV) ascribable to the radical species. Two (peaks III-1 and -2) of the three peaks, which appeared 10 min after the reaction had started, seem to be attributable to the radical species directly participating in the epoxidation. The radicals trapped by nitrosobenzene do not appear to be derived from active oxygen, since none of these peaks were detected in a similar h.p.l.c. analysis of O2- and OH.-generating systems. They are presumably derived from retinoic acid. This view is also supported by the following results: none of these peaks were detected in the h.p.l.c. elution profile of the reaction mixture when retinoic acid was absent; peaks III-1 and 2 were detected even under anaerobic conditions, and their peak heights were unchanged under aerobic conditions.

Detection of radical species in haematin-catalysed retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidation by using h.p.l.c.-e.p.r. spectrometry