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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of  Chlorella vulgaris  (5% in the diet), supplemented or not with two exogenous carbohydrase mixtures on piglets’ performance, nutrient digestibility and gut morphology, fermentation products and microbiota. Forty-four male piglets weaned at 28 days of age, with 11.2 ± 0.46 kg of live weight, were used and assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments: cereal and soybean meal based-diet (control, n = 11), control diet with 5% of  C. vulgaris  (CH, n = 10), CH diet supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio ®  Excel AP (CH + R, n = 10) and CH diet supplemented with 0.01% of a recombinant 4-carbohydrase mixture (CH + M, n = 11). Growth performance was not changed by the of  C. vulgaris  inclusion during 21 days of trial. However, total tract apparent digestibility of nutritional fractions was negatively impacted by the inclusion. In addition, the viscosity of duodenum plus jejunum contents slightly increased in all groups fed with the microalga. In contrast, dietary microalga increased duodenum villus height and promoted a healthier gut microbiota, with higher abundance of some specific bacterial taxa ( Colidextribacter ,  Oscillospira  and  Lactobacillus ). This study indicates that the dietary inclusion of 5%  C. vulgaris  improves piglets’ gut health without impairing performance. Data also indicate that  C. vulgaris  reduces nutrient digestibility but promotes compensatory developments of gut mucosa and prebiotic effects. Dietary supplementation with exogenous carbohydrases does not seem to be necessary for this inclusion level. Therefore, the incorporation of CH as a sustainable feed ingredient in piglets’ nutrition is a viable alternative approach.

Influence of Chlorella vulgaris on growth, digestibility and gut morphology and microbiota of weaned piglet