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Other than in animal models of human disease, little functional imaging has been performed in most of the animal world. The aim of this study was to explore the functional anatomy of the European round back slug ( Arionidae ) and leopard slug ( Limacidae)  and to establish an imaging protocol for comparative species study. Radionuclide images with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) were obtained after injections of standard clinical radiopharmaceuticals  99m technetium dicarboxypropane diphosphonate (bone scintigraphy),  99m technetium mercaptoacetyltriglycine (kidney function),  99m technetium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (kidney function),  99m technetium pertechnetate (mediated by the sodium-iodide symporter),  99m technetium sestamibi (cardiac scintigraphy) or  18 F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (glucose metabolism) in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for uptake anatomic definition. Images were compared with anatomic drawings for the  Arionidae  species. Additionally, organ uptake data was determined for a description of slug functional anatomy in comparison to human tracer biodistribution patterns identifying the heart, the open circulatory anatomy, calcified shell remnant, renal structure (nephridium), liver (digestive gland) and intestine. The results show the detailed functional anatomy of  Arionidae  and  Limacidae , and describe an in vivo whole-body imaging procedure for invertebrate species.

Radionuclide, magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging in European round back slugs (Arionidae) and leopard slugs (Limacidae)