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Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an important, commonly used pressure medium and pressure calibrant in diamond-anvil cell (DAC) experiments. Its thermal conductivity at high pressure–temperature ( P–T ) conditions is a critical parameter to model heat conduction and temperature distribution within an NaCl-loaded DAC. Here we couple ultrafast optical pump-probe methods with the DAC to study thermal conductivity and compressional velocity of NaCl in B1 and B2 phase to 66 GPa at room temperature. Using an externally-heated DAC, we further show that thermal conductivity of NaCl-B1 phase follows a typical  T  −1  dependence. The high  P–T  thermal conductivity of NaCl enables us to confirm the validity of Leibfried-Schlömann equation, a commonly used model for the  P–T  dependence of thermal conductivity, over a large compression range (~ 35% volume compression in NaCl-B1 phase, followed by ~ 20% compression in the polymorphic B2 phase). The compressional velocities of NaCl-B1 and B2 phase both scale approximately linearly with density, indicating the applicability of Birch’s law to NaCl within the density range we study. Our findings offer critical insights into the dominant physical mechanism of phonon transport in NaCl, as well as important data that significantly enhance the accuracy of modeling the spatiotemporal evolution of temperature within an NaCl-loaded DAC.

High-pressure thermal conductivity and compressional velocity of NaCl in B1 and B2 phase