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It is now well established that atomic nuclei composed of certaincombinations of protons and neutrons can adopt reflection-asymmetric, oroctupole-deformed, shapes at low excitation energy. These nuclei show promisein the search for a permanent atomic electric dipole moment, the existence ofwhich has implications for physics beyond the Standard Model. Theoreticalstudies have suggested that certain isotopes of thorium may have the largestoctupole deformation. However, due to experimental challenges, the extent ofthe octupole collectivity in the low-energy states in these thorium nuclei hasnot yet been demonstrated. This paper reports measurements of the lifetimes oflow-energy states in 228Th (Z = 90) undertaken using the mirror symmetriccentroid difference method, which is a direct electronic fast-timing technique.Lifetime measurements of the low-lying Jp = 1- and 3- states, which are thefirst for a thorium isotope, have allowed the B(E1) rates and the intrinsicdipole moment to be determined. The results are in agreement with those ofprevious theoretical calculations allowing the extent of the octupoledeformation of 228Th to be estimated. This study indicates that the nuclei229Th and 229Pa (Z = 91) may be good candidates for the search for a permanentatomic electric dipole moment.

First direct measurement of the intrinsic dipole moment in pear-shaped thorium isotopes