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Outflows from active galactic nuclei (AGN) are one of the fundamentalmechanisms by which the central supermassive black hole interacts with its hostgalaxy. Detected in $\ge 50\%$ of nearby AGN, these outflows have been found tocarry kinetic energy that is a significant fraction of AGN power, and therebygive negative feedback to their host galaxies. To understand the physicalprocesses that regulate them, it is important to have a robust estimate oftheir physical and dynamical parameters. In this review we summarize ourcurrent understanding on the physics of the ionized outflows detected inabsorption in the UV and X-ray wavelength bands. We discuss the most relevantobservations and our current knowledge and uncertainties in the measurements ofthe outflow parameters. We also discuss their origin and accelerationmechanisms. The commissioning and concept studies of large telescope missionswith high resolution spectrographs in UV/optical and X-rays along with rapidadvancements in simulations offer great promise for discoveries in this fieldover the next decade.

Ionized outflows from active galactic nuclei as the essential elements of feedback