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The identification of a non-trivial band topology usually relies on directlyprobing the protected surface/edge states. But, it is difficult to achieveelectronically in narrow-gap topological materials due to the small (meV)energy scales. Here, we demonstrate that band inversion, a crucial ingredientof the non-trivial band topology, can serve as an alternative, experimentallyaccessible indicator. We show that an inverted band can lead to a four-foldsplitting of the non-zero Landau levels, contrasting the two-fold splitting(spin splitting only) in the normal band. We confirm our predictions inmagneto-transport experiments on a narrow-gap strong topological insulator,zirconium pentatelluride (ZrTe$_5$), with the observation of additionalsplittings in the quantum oscillations and also an anomalous peak in theextreme quantum limit. Our work establishes an effective strategy foridentifying the band inversion as well as the associated topological phases forfuture topological materials research.

Magneto-transport evidence for strong topological insulator phase in ZrTe5