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The proliferation and development of chloroplasts are important for maintaining the normal chloroplast population in plant tissues. Most studies have focused on chloroplast maintenance in leaves. In this study, we identified a spontaneous mutation in a tomato mutant named  suffulta  ( su ), in which the stems appeared albinic while the leaves remained normal. Map-based cloning showed that  Su  encodes a DnaJ heat shock protein that is a homolog of the  Arabidopsis  gene  AtARC6 , which is involved in chloroplast division. Knockdown and knockout of  SlARC6  in wild-type tomato inhibit chloroplast division, indicating the conserved function of SlARC6. In  su  mutants, most mesophyll cells contain only one or two giant chloroplasts, while no chloroplasts are visible in 60% of stem cells, resulting in the albinic phenotype. Compared with mature tissues, the meristem of  su  mutants suggested that chloroplasts could partially divide in meristematic cells, suggesting the existence of an alternative mechanism in those dividing cells. Interestingly, the adaxial petiole cells of  su  mutants contain more chloroplasts than the abaxial cells. In addition, prolonged lighting can partially rescue the albinic phenotypes in  su  mutants, implying that light may promote SlACR6-independent chloroplast development. Our results verify the role of SlACR6 in chloroplast division in tomato and uncover the tissue-specific regulation of chloroplast development.

Mutation of SlARC6 leads to tissue-specific defects in chloroplast development in tomato