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Earth is constantly struck by radiation coming from the interstellar medium.The very low energy end of the spectrum is shielded by the geomagnetic fieldbut charged particles with energies higher than the geomagnetic cutoff willpenetrate the atmosphere and are likely to interact, giving rise to secondaryparticles. Some astrophysical events, such as gamma ray bursts and supernovae,when happening at short distances, may affect the planet's biosphere due to thetemporary enhanced radiation flux. Muons are abundantly produced by high energycosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere. These particles, due to their low crosssection, are able to penetrate deep underground and underwater, with thepossibility of affecting biological niches normally considered shielded fromradiation. We investigate the interaction of muons produced by high energycosmic rays on Earth's atmosphere using the Geant4 toolkit. We analyzepenetration power in water and crust and also the interaction effects withinbacteria-like material according to particle type and energy, and notice thepossibility of off-track damage due to secondary particles.

Propagation and energy deposition of cosmic rays' muons on terrestrial environments