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Reconnection outflows are regions of intense recent scrutiny, from in situobservations and from simulations. These regions are host to a variety ofinstabilities and intense energy exchanges, often even superior to the mainreconnection site. We report here a number of results drawn from investigationof simulations. First, the outflows are observed to become unstable to driftinstabilities. Second, these instabilities lead to the formation of secondaryreconnection sites. Third, the secondary processes are responsible for largeenergy exchanges and particle energization. Finally, the particle distributionfunction are modified to become non-Maxwellian and include multipleinterpenetrating populations.

Non-linear Waves and Instabilities Leading to Secondary Reconnection in Reconnection Outflows