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Canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) is the most common viral cause of gastroenteritis in puppies in Nigeria and worldwide. After its emergence in 1978, the wild-type CPV-2 was rapidly replaced by three antigenic subtypes CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c. Subtype CPV-2a has been reported in Nigeria based on limited number of samples. As such, this study was carried out with 56 faecal samples and four CPV-2 vaccines using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing to have a better idea of CPV-2 subtypes circulating in dogs in Nigeria. 54 (96.4%) out of the 56 samples were positive for CPV-2 subtypes. CPV-2a is the predominant subtype followed by CPV-2b and CPV-2c. Also, co-existence of subtypes CPV-2a and CPV-2b; and CPV-2a and CPV-2c were found in some dogs. Sequence analysis revealed the occurrence of three mutations D413 N, N426D/E, and T440A. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the three subtypes of CPV-2 in Nigeria.

Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of canine parvovirus-2 isolates in dogs revealed circulation of three subtypes in Nigeria