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Arginase II has recently reported as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In the course of screening plants used in natural medicines as arginase II inhibitory activity, a methanol extract of Scutellaria indica showed significant inhibitory effect. Further fractionation and repeated column chromatography led to the isolation of a new flavan-type (1), and seven known compounds (2-8). The chemical structures of isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The isolates 1-8 were investigated in vitro for their arginase II inhibitory activity using enzyme solution prepared from kidney of anesthetized C57BL/6 mice. Compounds 3 and 5 significantly inhibited arginase II activity with IC₅₀ values of 25.1 and 11.6 μM, respectively, whereas the other compounds were apparently inactive.

Arginase II inhibitory activity of flavonoid compounds from Scutellaria indica