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We investigated informal workplace learning (IWL) within an under-researched target group: blue-collar workers. IWL is particularly important for these workers because of learning barriers to participation in formal training. Based on meta-analytical conceptualizations and findings, we developed a conceptual framework of  a ntecedents,  p rocesses, and learning  o utcomes of IWL among blue-collar workers (APO framework), following an input-process-output perspective. The results of our structural equation model analysis with  N  = 702 blue-collar workers from small and medium-sized businesses provided support for seven of eight hypotheses: Personal antecedents, namely  curiosity ,  learning goal orientation , and  self-directed learning orientation  were positively related to IWL; organizational antecedents, namely  social support —containing  supervisor support ,  coworker support , and  error-related learning climate —and, surprisingly,  time pressure  were positively related to IWL; IWL was positively related to three learning outcomes, namely  job involvement ,  newly acquired competency , and  organizational citizenship behavior . The findings establish a basis for future longitudinal studies and theory building in workplace learning research, and they provide managers in organizations with guidance to promote IWL.

Work Characteristics or Workers’ Characteristics? An Input-Process-Output Perspective on Informal Workplace Learning of Blue-Collar Workers