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We investigate how perturbations propagate up and down a food chain with andwithout self-interaction and omnivory. A source of perturbation is a shift indeath rate of a trophic level, and the measure of perturbation is thedifference between the perturbed and unperturbed steady state populations. ForLotka-Volterra food chains with linear functional response, we showanalytically that both intraspecific competition and intraguild predation caneither dampen or enhance the propagation of perturbations, thus stabilizing ordestabilizing the food web. The direction of the effect depend on the positionof the source of perturbation, as well as on the position of the additionalcompetitive and predatory links . These conclusions are confirmed numericallyfor a food chain with more realistic Type-II functional response. Our resultssupport the positions of both sides in the long-standing debate on the effectof intraspecific competition and omnivory on the stability of trophic systems.

Omnivory can both enhance and dampen perturbations in food webs