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There is little information on the  in vitro  tissue culture systems in  Lamprocapnos spectabilis  (bleeding heart). The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the development, quality, and physiological state of  in vitro- grown bleeding heart “Gold Heart” and “White Gold”. Single-node explants were inoculated on the modified MS medium (Murashige and Skoog in Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962), fortified with different auxins, which included indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and picloram (PIC), along with cytokinins, which included 6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (KIN), and thidiazuron (TDZ) at various concentrations. The morphogenetic response of the explants was cultivar-specific. KIN was preferable for the proliferation and development of shoots in “Gold Heart.” However, none of the auxins or cytokinins improved the development of “White Gold” explants, compared with the PGR-free control medium. NAA was the most effective for stimulating rhizogenesis in both cultivars, although IAA resulted in the regeneration of the longest roots. TDZ, NAA, and PIC suppressed the development of shoots in both cultivars tested and stimulated abundant callus formation. Indirect regeneration of somatic embryos occurred on the NAA- and PIC-fortified media. In particular, the latter media stimulated regeneration of the highest number of somatic embryos per nodal segment. Composition of the culture medium also affected the levels of primary and secondary metabolites in shoots and callus of  L. spectabilis.  IAA (at 1.0 mg L −1 ) stimulated the synthesis of chlorophyll  a  and carotenoids in the “Gold Heart,” while BA and KIN (at 0.5 mg L −1 ) had a negative impact on the concentration of chlorophyll  b  in the shoots of this cultivar. None of the PGRs increased the level of the pigments in the shoots of bleeding heart “White Gold.” The concentration of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the callus of both cultivars tested was significantly lower compared with the shoots; however, callus was abundant in flavanols.

Influence of growth regulators on the development, quality, and physiological state of in vitro-propagated Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara