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Finding the electromagnetic (EM) counterpart of binary compact star merger,especially the binary neutron star (BNS) merger, is critically important forgravitational wave (GW) astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. On Aug.17, 2017, Advanced LIGO and \textit{Fermi}/GBM independently triggered thefirst BNS merger, GW170817, and its high energy EM counterpart, GRB 170817A,respectively, resulting in a global observation campaign covering gamma-ray,X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio as well as neutrinos. The High Energy X-raytelescope (HE) onboard \textit{Insight}-HXMT (Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope)is the unique high-energy gamma-ray telescope that monitored the entire GWlocalization area and especially the optical counterpart (SSS17a/AT2017gfo)with very large collection area ($\sim$1000 cm$^2$) and microsecond timeresolution in 0.2-5 MeV. In addition, \textit{Insight}-HXMT quickly implementeda Target of Opportunity (ToO) observation to scan the GW localization area forpotential X-ray emission from the GW source. Although it did not detect anysignificant high energy (0.2-5 MeV) radiation from GW170817, its observationhelped to confirm the unexpected weak and soft nature of GRB 170817A.Meanwhile, \textit{Insight}-HXMT/HE provides one of the most stringentconstraints (~10$^{-7}$ to 10$^{-6}$ erg/cm$^2$/s) for both GRB170817A and anyother possible precursor or extended emissions in 0.2-5 MeV, which help us tobetter understand the properties of EM radiation from this BNS merger.Therefore the observation of \textit{Insight}-HXMT constitutes an importantchapter in the full context of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observationof this historical GW event.

Insight-HXMT observations of the first binary neutron star merger GW170817