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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) has spread to more than 23 countries since the first case of a MERS coronavirus (MERS CoV) infection was confirmed in Sep 2012 [1]. Because MERS CoV has led to mortality as high as 40%, it has become one of the most important emerging pathogens threatening human health. Recently, the outbreak of MERS CoV, which resulted in 172 infections and 27 deaths in South Korea, was the largest outside Saudi Arabia. A 44-year-old man, had been exposed to the first confirmed MERS case who shared a ward with the man's father in this outbreak, travelled from South Korea to China, becoming the first imported MERS case reported in China. Here, we report the sequencing and analysis of the MERS CoV ge-nome from this case. Viral genome sequencing provides information vital to tracing the pathogenic source, predicting viral virulence, and following the pattern of viral evolution , variation, and transmission [2–4]. Twenty-four primer pairs, specific to conserved regions, were used to amplify the complete genome of MERS CoV by PCR. The resulting PCR products had an average length of 1,500 base pairs (bp). The PCR products were recovered and sequenced by the Sanger dideoxy method. The genomic sequence was assembled with DNAstar 7.0 software and deposited in GenBank with accession no. KT036372. The deposited sequence was 29,928 bp, which was ~180 bp shorter than the complete genomic sequence, as the technique of 5′-and 3′-RACE (rapid-amplification of cDNA ends), which amplifies genomic ends, was not applied. The sequence we obtained: KT036372, differed slightly from other MERS CoV sequences submitted. It differed in four nucleotides from the updated sequence of KT006149.2 provided by China Centers for Disease Control (CDC) from the same patient; and in 10 nucleotides from sequence KT029139 submitted by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The two sequences used for comparison, KT006149.2 and KT029139, differed from each other by 12 nucleotides. Our analysis shows that the KT036372 sequence is reliable, sharing greater similarity to the KT029139 sequence from South Korea. The differences among the three sequences (Table S1) might have resulted from: viral evolution and mutation; the collection date (KT036372 on May 28; KT006149 on May 27); sample origin (KT036372 and KT006149 from clinical sample; KT029139 from virus culture); and the sequencing method (KT036372 by Sanger dideoxy method; KT006149 by Ion Torrent platform and Sanger dideoxy method; and KT029139 using the Illumina platform). Complete …

Genomic sequencing and analysis of the first imported Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS CoV) in China