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The objective of the present study was to evaluate possible interactions between two potential plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB):  Azospirillum oryzae  strain NBT506 and  Bacillus velezensis  strain UTB96. To do this, the growth kinetic, biofilm formation, motility, surfactin production, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization and enzyme activities of the strains were measured in monoculture and co-culture. The maximum biomass production for the strains in monoculture and co-culture was about 10 11  CFU/ml, confirming that these two strains have the potential to grow in co-culture without reduction of biomass efficiency. The co-culture system showed more stable biofilm formation until the end of day 3.  Azospirillum  showed the maximum IAA production (41.5 mg/l) in a monoculture compared to other treatments. Surfactin promoted both swimming and swarming motility in all treatments. The  Bacillus  strain in the monoculture and co-culture showed high phosphate solubilizing capability, which increased continuously in the co-culture system after 6 days. The strains showed protease, amylase and cellulase activities in both monoculture and co-culture forms. Chitinase and lipase activities were observed in both the monoculture of the  Bacillus  strain and the co-culture. Overall, our findings highlight the promotion of biological and beneficial effects of these bacteria when growing together in co-culture.

world journal of microbiology and biotechnology incorporating the mircen journal of applied microbiology and biotechnology/world journal of microbiology and biotechnology

Behavior and interactions of the plant growth-promoting bacteria Azospirillum oryzae NBT506 and Bacillus velezensis UTB96 in a co-culture system