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Dipsacus asperoides  contains multiple pharmacologically active compounds. The principal are saponins. The plant can be cultivated, but it contains lower levels of bioactive compounds than the plant in the wild. It may be the reason to exploit the endophytic fungi that colonize the plant roots in order to produce bioactive compounds. However, the endophytic fungi of  D. asperoides  have not been analyzed in detail. In this study, we isolated and identified 46 endophytic fungal strains from the taproots, lateral roots and leaves, and we used morphological and molecular biological methods to assign them into 15 genera:  Fusarium  sp.,  Ceratobasidium  sp.,  Chaetomium  sp.,  Penicillium  sp.,  Aspergillus  sp.,  Talaromyces  sp.,  Cladosporium  sp.,  Bionectria  sp.,  Mucor  sp.,  Trichoderma  sp.,  Myrothecium  sp.,  Clonostachys  sp.,  Ijuhya  sp.,  Leptosphaeria  sp. and  Phoma  sp. Taproots contained abundant endophytic fungi, the numbers of which correlated positively with level of dipsacus saponin VI. Primary fermentation of several endophytic fungal strains from taproots showed that  Fusarium, Leptosphaeria, Ceratobasidium  sp. and  Phoma  sp. can produce the triterpenoid saponin. These results may guide efforts to sustainably produce bioactive compounds from  D. asperoides .    Graphical abstractElectronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1007/s11274-019-2616-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

world journal of microbiology and biotechnology incorporating the mircen journal of applied microbiology and biotechnology/world journal of microbiology and biotechnology

Association between dipsacus saponin VI level and diversity of endophytic fungi in roots of Dipsacus asperoides