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Purpose Mixing with liquids or soft foods is a common procedure to improve acceptability of oral medicines in children but may affect drug stability and the  in vivo  performance of the administered drug product. The aim of the present study was to obtain an overview of the variability of critical attributes of commonly used vehicles and to identify which vehicle characteristics need to be considered when developing  in vitro  methods for evaluating product quality. Methods One product of each vehicle listed in the FDA draft guidance “Use of Liquids and/or Soft Foods as Vehicles for Drug Administration” was analyzed with regard to composition, calorific content and physicochemical properties. Results The studied vehicles show wide variability, both in composition and physicochemical properties. No correlation was observed between vehicle composition and physicochemical properties. Comparison of results of the present study with previously published data also provided variability in physicochemical properties within individual vehicle types. Conclusions To identify acceptable (qualified) vehicles for global drug product labeling, it is important that the vehicles selected for  in vitro  compatibility screening reflect the variability in composition and essential physicochemical properties of the vehicles recommended on the product label, rather than relying on results obtained with a single vehicle of each type. Future activities will focus on the development of standardized dosing vehicles that can represent key vehicle characteristics in all their variability to ensure reliable risk assessment.

pharmaceutical research

Vehicles for Drug Administration to Children: Results and Learnings from an In-Depth Screening of FDA-Recommended Liquids and Soft Foods for Product Quality Assessment