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Artículo de publicación ISIThe San Ramo´n Fault is an active west-vergent thrust fault system locatedalong the eastern border of the city of Santiago, at the foot of the main Andes Cordillera.This is a kilometric crustal-scale structure recently recognized that represents a potentialsource for geological hazards. In this work, we provide new seismological evidences andstrong ground-motion modeling from hypothetic kinematic rupture scenarios, to improveseismic hazard assessment in the Metropolitan area of Central Chile. Firstly, we focused onthe study of crustal seismicity that we relate to brittle deformation associated with differentseismogenic fringes in the main Andes in front of Santiago. We used a classical hypocentrallocation technique with an improved 1D crustal velocity model, to relocate crustalseismicity recorded between 2000 and 2011 by the National Seismological Service, Universityof Chile. This analysis includes waveform modeling of seismic events from localbroadband stations deployed in the main Andean range, such as San Jose´ de Maipo, ElYeso, Las Melosas and Farellones. We selected events located near the stations, whosehypocenters were localized under the recording sites, with angles of incidence at thereceiver\5  and S–P travel times\2 s. Our results evidence that seismic activity clusteredaround 10 km depth under San Jose´ de Maipo and Farellones stations. Because of theiridentical waveforms, such events are interpreted like repeating earthquakes or multipletsand therefore providing first evidence for seismic tectonic activity consistent with the crustal-scale structural model proposed for the San Ramo´n Fault system in the area (Armijoet al. in Tectonics 29(2):TC2007, 2010). We also analyzed the ground-motion variabilitygenerated by an Mw 6.9 earthquake rupture scenario by using a kinematic fractal k-2composite source model. The main goal was to model broadband strong ground motion inthe near-fault region and to analyze the variability of ground-motion parameters computedat various receivers. Several kinematic rupture scenarios were computed by changingphysical source parameters. The study focused on statistical analysis of horizontal peakground acceleration (PGAH) and ground velocity (PGVH). We compared the numericallypredicted ground-motion parameters with empirical ground-motion predictive relationshipsfrom Kanno et al. (Bull Seismol Soc Am 96:879–897, 2006). In general, the syntheticPGAH and PGVH are in good agreement with the ones empirically predicted at varioussource distances. However, the mean PGAH at intermediate and large distances attenuatesfaster than the empirical mean curve. The largest mean values for both, PGAH and PGVH,were observed near the SW corner within the area of the fault plane projected to thesurface, which coincides rather well with published hanging-wall effects suggesting thatground motions are amplified there.Millennium Nucleus on Seismotectonics and Seismic Hazard, International EarthquakeResearch Center, Montessus de Ballore (CIIT-MB), Grant P06-064-F, and CEGA (Andean GeothermalCenter of Excelence) Fondap Project 15090013

Improving seismotectonics and seismic hazard assessment along the San Ramón Fault at the eastern border of Santiago city, Chile