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The aim of this study was to identify a signal that could be used as anandrogen exposure indicator in the European bullhead (Cottus sp.). For thispurpose, the ultra-structure of the kidney was characterized to identify normalstructure of this organ, and histological changes previously described in thekidney of breeding male bullheads were quantified using the kidney epitheliumheight (KEH) assay previously developed and validated for the stickleback. Inthe next step, the effect of trenbolone acetate (TbA), a model androgen, wasassessed to identify potential androgenic regulation of bullhead kidneyhypertrophy. Measurement of KEH performed on adult non-breeding male and femalebullheads exposed for 14 and 21 days to 0, 1.26 and 6.50 mu g/L showed thatkidney hypertrophy is induced in a dose-dependent manner, confirming thehypothesis that the European bullhead possesses a potential biomarker ofandrogen exposure. Combined with the wide distribution of the European bullheadin European countries and the potential of this fish species for environmentaltoxicology studies in field and laboratory conditions, the hypothesis of apotential biomarker of androgen exposure offers interesting perspectives forthe use of the bullhead as a relevant sentinel fish species in monitoringstudies. Inducibility was observed with high exposure concentrations of TbA.Further studies are needed to identify molecular signals that could be moresensitive than KEH

A potential biomarker of androgen exposure in European bullhead (Cottus sp.) kidney