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Several management practices that areemployed in Montados are known to affect theestablishment and maintenance of Basidiomycotacommunities immediately after disturbances haveoccurred, contributing to their development or, conversely,decreasing their diversity. In this study weaim to evaluate the effects of the most commonunderstory and soil-management practices on thediversity of the epigeous Basidiomycota a long timeafter disturbances have taken place. The study wasconducted in a Montado (cork and holm-oak ecosystem)area in Southern Portugal (Alentejo). In 1998,four experimental treatments—control (C), mulching(Mu), mowing (Mo) and ploughing (P)—with threereplicates each were carried out: C—untreated/untouched;Mu—cutting of shrubs followed by depositionof plant residues on soil surfaces; Mo—cutting ofshrubs followed by biomass removal and soil tilling;P—cutting of shrubs followed by the incorporation ofplant biomass into the soil through tillage. Macrofungalsurveys were conducted fortnightly in the experimentalplots between Autumn 2007 and Spring2012. Significant differences in total and mycorrhizalrichness were found between plots, with higher valuesbeing found for non-tilled plots and lower values for tilled plots. No significant differences were found insaprotrophic richness between treatments. Regardingthe composition of taxa, Boletus and Russula were themain taxonomic groups affected by experimentaltreatments. Our results showed that soil tillage canresult in a decrease in mycorrhizal taxa even a longtime after disturbances have taken place

agroforestry systems

Assessment of the diversity of epigeous Basidiomycota under different soil-management systems in a montado ecosystem: a case study conducted in Alentejo