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Bubble-driven inertial pumps are a novel method of moving liquids throughmicrochannels. We combine high-speed imaging, computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations and an effective one-dimensional model to study thefundamentals of inertial pumping. For the first time, single-pulse transientflow through U-shaped microchannels is imaged over the entire pump cycle with4-microsecond temporal resolution. Observations confirm the fundamental N-shapeflow profile predicted earlier by theory and simulations. Experimental flowrates are used to calibrate the CFD and one-dimensional models to extract aneffective bubble strength. Then the frequency dependence of inertial pumping isstudied both experimentally and numerically. The pump efficiency is found togradually decrease once the successive pulses start to overlap in time.

Single-pulse dynamics and flow rates of inertial micropumps