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Objectives This study investigated the relationship between oral high-risk HPV (HR HPV) infection and sexual behavior in Japanese medical professionals. Materials and methods We collected oral specimens and a self–administered questionnaire from 234 men and 171 women. Results The oral HR HPV infection prevalence was 4.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.0–7.2]) overall, 7.3% (95% CI: 4.6–11.3) for men, and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.3–4.2) for women. The number of sex partners had a significant influence on this prevalence, with variation by type of sexual behavior. The prevalence of oral HR HPV infection was significantly higher ( p   5, only vaginal&gt;5, only oral&gt;5, and both≤5), the infection prevalence was significantly higher when both vaginal and oral sex partners were more than five (12.5%, 95% CI: 7.7–19.6). The prevalence was also higher for those who had more oral than vaginal partners, compared with other groups (13.5%, 95% CI: 6.7–25.3). Conclusions and clinical relevance Oral HR HPV infection in Japan seems to be influenced by sexual behavior, and preventive health efforts such as vaccination and health education should be implemented.

Exploring the relationship between oral high-risk HPV infection and sexual behavior among over 400 medical professionals in Japan