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Cancer, Infection and Disturbances of The Integrity of Tissue Homeostasis 245 1 3 Molecular Mimicry (MM) is a modern useful concept to try to understand the etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of autoimmune disorders of the skin and beyond the skin [1]. MM cannot be better defined than the possibility that sequence similarities between self-peptides and foreign molecules are sufficient to start a valid crossactivation of human B and/or T cells [2]. Nevertheless, lack of amino acid identity between the tissue and the de novo-generated tumour antigens does not exclude the phenomenon of molecular mimicry as the major generator of sarcoidosis [3]. There is growing evidence of the mimicry phenomena, caused not only by the similarity between the amino acids but also between the elements which connect segments in the immunological cascade and which may also be affected by external factors [3]. Such activation, induced by pathogen-derived peptides, can result in acute, subacute or (more often) chronic skin disease of autoimmune nature upon “peptide mimic” activation via specific T cell receptors which generates a self-maintaining circle based on a cross reaction with self epitopes [2]. Molecular mimicry (MM) is one of the most enigmatic medical phenomena with crucial importance for the generation of autoimmunity in dermatology [1]. The fact that there are no tests capable of projecting an objective image of molecular mimicry should not lead us to ignore or undervalue its presence in medicine and dermatology in particular [4]. In general terms, the basic generators of molecular or antigen mimicry can be classified in three major groups:

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Cancer, Infection and Disturbances of The Integrity of Tissue Homeostasis: The Most Significant Triggers for Molecular Mimicry and Autoimmunity in Dermatology?