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HF radar data during equinoctial, small IMF Byconditions have enabled the ionospheric convection during the substorm growthphase and substorm pseudobreakup to be studied in both hemispheres. This hasrevealed both conjugate and non-conjugate convection behaviour during thesubstorm growth phase before and after the pseudobreakup onset. The nightsideconvection pattern is found to respond promptly to the southward turning of theinterplanetary magnetic field (IMF) which impacts on the dusk flank of themagnetosphere due to an inclined phase front in the IMF in the case studypresented. The subsequent interhemispheric observations of nightside convectionare controlled by the IMF By polarity. The time scale for theresponse to changes in the IMF By component is found to be alittle longer than for Bz, and the full impact of the IMF Byis not apparent in the nightside convection until after substorm pseudobreakuphas occurred. The pseudobreakup itself is found to result in a transitorysuppression in the ionospheric electric field in both hemispheres. This flowsuppression is very similar to that observed in HF radar observations of fullsubstorm onset, with the exception of a lack of subsequent poleward expansion. Key words: Ionosphere (auroral ionosphere) -Magnetospheric physics (magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions; storms andsubstorms

annales geophysicae

Interhemispheric observations of nightside ionospheric electric fields in response to IMF &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;z&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;y&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; changes and substorm pseudobreakup