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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) has recently been associated with an increased incidence of such digestive tract malignancies as gastric or colorectal cancer. However, systematic data on the prevalence of DM among digestive tract cancer entities, especially in terms of geographic distributions, are lacking. Methods We used the Oncology Dynamics database (IQVIA) to identify a total of 80,193 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer (5845 esophagus, 20,806 stomach, 38,138 colon, and 15,414 rectum cancer patients) from eight European and Asian countries. Results The overall prevalence of DM among all digestive tract cancer patients was 14.8% (11,866/80,193). In terms of cancer site, DM prevalence was highest in patients with colon (15.5%) or rectal (15.3%) cancer and lowest in patients with esophageal cancer (12.0%). Interestingly, we observed significant differences in DM prevalence between countries. Spain (27.8%, 31.3%) and South Korea (21.0%, 27.9%) had the highest prevalence of DM among gastric and colon cancer patients, while DM prevalence in esophageal (18.8%) and rectal (38.0%) cancer patients was highest in Germany. Conclusion Our data revealed a high prevalence of DM among digestive tract cancer patients in Europe and Asia, and showed that DM prevalence varies among digestive tract cancer sites as well as countries.

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among 80,193 gastrointestinal cancer patients in five European and three Asian countries