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We focus this report on the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract (NLOT), a superficial amygdalar nucleus receiving olfactory input. Mixed with its  Tbr1 -expressing layer 2 pyramidal cell population (NLOT2), there are  Sim1 -expressing cells whose embryonic origin and mode of arrival remain unclear. We examined this population with  Sim1 -ISH and a  Sim1 -tauLacZ mouse line. An alar hypothalamic origin is apparent at the paraventricular area, which expresses  Sim1  precociously. This progenitor area shows at E10.5 a  Sim1 -expressing dorsal prolongation that crosses the telencephalic stalk and follows the terminal sulcus, reaching the caudomedial end of the pallial amygdala. We conceive this  Sim1 -expressing  hypothalamo-amygdalar corridor  (HyA) as an evaginated part of the hypothalamic paraventricular area, which participates in the production of  Sim1 -expressing cells. From E13.5 onwards,  Sim1- expressing cells migrated via the HyA penetrate the  posterior  pallial amygdalar radial unit and associate therein to the incipient  Tbr1 -expressing migration stream which swings medially past the amygdalar anterior basolateral nucleus (E15.5), crosses the pallio-subpallial boundary (E16.5), and forms the NLOT2 within the anterior amygdala by E17.5. We conclude that the  Tbr1 -expressing NLOT2 cells arise strictly within the  posterior  pallial amygdalar unit, involving a variety of required gene functions we discuss. Our results are consistent with the experimental data on NLOT2 origin reported by Remedios et al. (Nat Neurosci 10:1141–1150, 2007), but we disagree on their implication in this process of the dorsal pallium, observed to be distant from the amygdala.

Sim1-expressing cells illuminate the origin and course of migration of the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract in the mouse amygdala