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Elitzur and Vaidman have proposed a measurement scheme that, based on thequantum superposition principle, allows one to detect the presence of an object--- in a dramatic scenario, a bomb --- without interacting with it. It waspointed out by Ghirardi that this interaction-free measurement scheme can beput in direct relation with falsification tests of the macro-realisticworldview. Here we have implemented the "bomb test" with a single atom trappedin a spin-dependent optical lattice to show explicitly a violation of theLeggett-Garg inequality --- a quantitative criterion fulfilled bymacro-realistic physical theories. To perform interaction-free measurements, wehave implemented a novel measurement method that correlates spin and positionof the atom. This method, which quantum mechanically entangles spin andposition, finds general application for spin measurements, thereby avoiding theshortcomings inherent in the widely used push-out technique. Allowingdecoherence to dominate the evolution of our system causes a transition fromquantum to classical behavior in fulfillment of the Leggett-Garg inequality.

Atomic "bomb testing": the Elitzur-Vaidman experiment violates the Leggett-Garg inequality