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The measurement of light characteristics at the single- and few photon levelplays a key role in many quantum optics applications. Often photodetection ispreceded with the transmission of quantum light over long distances in opticalfibers with their low loss window near 1550nm. Nonetheless, the detection ofthe photonic states at telecommunication wavelengths via avalanchephotodetectors has long been facing severe restrictions. Only recently,demonstrations of the first free-running detector techniques in thetelecommunication band have lifted the demand of synchronizing the signal withthe detector. Moreover, moderate cooling is required to gain single-photonsensitivity with these detectors. Here we implement a liquid-nitrogen coolednegative-feedback avalanche diode (NFAD) at telecommunication wavelengths andinvestigate the properties of this highly flexible, free-running single-photonsensitive detector. Our realization of cooling provides a large range of stableoperating temperatures and has advantages over the relatively bulky commercialrefrigerators that have been used before. We determine the region of NFADworking parameters most suitable for single-photon sensitive detection enablinga direct plug-in of our detector to a true photon counting task.

Liquid-nitrogen cooled, free-running single-photon sensitive detector at telecommunication wavelengths