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An UV-VIS polarization Lidar has been designed and specified for aerosolsmonitoring in the troposphere, showing the ability to precisely address lowparticle depolarization ratios, in the range of a few percents. Non-sphericalparticle backscattering coefficients as low as 5 {\times} 10-8 m-1.sr-1 havebeen measured and the particle depolarization ratio detection limit is 0.6 %.This achievement is based on a well-designed detector with laser-specifiedoptical components (polarizers, dichroic beamsplitters) summarized in asynthetic detector transfer matrix. Hence, systematic biases are drasticallyminimized. The detector matrix being diagonal, robust polarization calibrationhas been achieved under real atmospheric conditions. This UV-VIS polarizationdetector measures particle depolarization ratios over two orders of magnitude,from 0.6 up to 40 %, which is new, especially in the UV where molecularscattering is strong. Hence, a calibrated UV polarization-resolvedtime-altitude map is proposed for urban and free tropospheric aerosols up to 4kilometres altitude, which is also new. These sensitive and accurate UV-VISpolarization-resolved measurements enhance the spatial and time evolution ofnon-spherical tropospheric particles, even in urban polluted areas. This studyshows the capability of polarization-resolved laser UV-VIS spectroscopy tospecifically address the light backscattering by spherical and non-sphericaltropospheric aerosols.

Sensitive and accurate dual wavelength UV-VIS polarization detector for optical remote sensing of tropospheric aerosols